define more behavior-specific addiction treatment plans. Personalized treatment that focuses on reinforcement and goal-orientation could prove effective in the callous-unemotional group, as it may bolster focus that is lacking. For the antisocial-only group or those diagnosed with conduct disorder in childhood, a program that includes parent-based treatment with an emphasis on reflection may marginalize the impulsivity that is inherent with this group.
“Integrating research on these divergent cognitive-affective deficits with the development of treatments provides an opportunity to implement more effective targeted treatment that addresses these costly behavior problems and their comorbid (substance use disorders),” researchers stated.
